Found insideresearch by the participants, settings, obtrusiveness, and degree of participant involvement. Limited Sampling of Participants The psychological research on ... Found inside – Page 412Familiarization can help to lessen the obtrusiveness of the designer's presence ... but cannot, themselves, cause research findings, nor can their continued ... Found inside – Page 168... also been reported by other researchers ( see Barber , 1976 ) and suggests that demand characteristics play a major role in many hypnotic phenomena . Approaches to the Obtrusiveness Problem The impact of the obtrusiveness of research ... Found inside – Page 116In past studies, the ability to recognize the persuasive intent of embedded advertising was associated with the obtrusiveness of the brand placement ... Found inside – Page 11These researchers found strong agenda setting effects for unobtrusive issues and weak effects for obtrusive issues . Not all studies have replicated Zucker's findings . Several studies have found strong agenda setting effects for issues ... Found inside – Page 37Obtrusive (Dimension) Unobtrusive Interviews synchronous asynchronous ... (e.g. immersive ethnographic research) is indicated as the most obtrusive, ... Found inside – Page 201Although the benefits of multi - wave studies are extensive , they have to be weighed against the potential disadvantages of obtrusiveness and attrition . While steps can be taken to reduce the magnitude of the obtrusiveness problem - largely ... Found inside – Page 67Subsequent studies focusing on issue obtrusiveness have supported this notion (e.g., Winter, Eyal, & Rogers, 1982). For example, unobtrusive issues, ... Found inside – Page 40... #4b: Limit the obtrusiveness of the measure Measure obtrusiveness has commonly been discussed in two different veins. one manner in which researchers ... Found inside – Page 254Whether it is wise to do so depends on the nature of the research problem , the philosophical orientation of the researcher , and the nature of the responses . Researcher Obtrusiveness There are advantages and disadvantages to both ... Found inside – Page 24[8] have defined obtrusiveness in this context as “characteristics or ... inform the design of further research investigating the potential obtrusiveness of ... Found inside – Page 201Although the benefits of multi - wave studies are extensive , they have to be weighed against the potential disadvantages of obtrusiveness and attrition . Found inside – Page 590Qualitative researchers must be aware of this possibility and take steps to minimize the obtrusiveness of their observations. Incorporating an acclimation ... Found inside – Page 173Study participants had a tour of a smart home equipped with smart floor, ... Obtrusiveness The perception of obtrusiveness is subjective and varies from ... Found inside – Page 19TABLE 2.1 TYPES OF FIELD RESEARCH STRATEGIES TYPE OF FIELD RESEARCH STRATEGY RESEARCH PERSPECTIVE OBTRUSIVENESS LEVEL OF ANALYSIS Little a. Found inside – Page 303And because the client is more inclined to provide the socially desirable response during the intervention phase, the problem of obtrusiveness becomes a ... Found inside – Page 387To mitigate against the obtrusiveness of preconceptions, cultural and otherwise, researchers should record verbatim what people say and avoid writing ... Found inside – Page 17A few studies have found evidence contrary to the obtrusiveness hypothesis . Behr and Iyengar ( 1985 ) find agenda - setting effects for obtrusive issues ... Found inside – Page 22Design researchers increasingly understand their role in investigating such ... Our research [16,18] suggests that control and obtrusiveness (the degree of ... Found inside – Page 195... as social desirability); and (c) the obtrusiveness of interviewers or observers (a well-known issue in ethnographic research involving observation). Found inside – Page 269Thus, the degree of obtrusiveness in both phases is compounded by the increased vulnerability to a social desirability bias during the intervention phase. Found inside – Page 108Future evaluations should explore alternative or multiple data sources as a means of reducing obtrusiveness . studies focus on only a few types of drugs or ... Found inside – Page 31Several empirical studies have addressed the obtrusiveness of the tester's culture on the assessed IQ of the respondents . Jensen ( 1980 ) has reviewed the ... Found inside – Page 128In other words, we know that our identity is not fixed but mutates. In overt research, the ethnographer's presence in the field is almost always obtrusive ... Found insideDEGREE OF OBTRUSIVENESS Direct observation can take several forms. ... Obtrusive research occurs anytime the persons being studied are aware of being ... Found inside – Page 91In obtrusive research, participants are aware that they are being studied, whereas in unobtrusive research, awareness of participants that they are being ... Found inside – Page 390In general , it can be said that the research team became less obtrusive as ... and that obtrusiveness varied both with perceived threat of the researchers ... Found inside – Page 4The final section of the chapter is a review of agenda building research . Special attention is paid to specific dimensions of agenda setting research as they apply to the domains of public , media , and government in agenda building . Chapter ... Found inside – Page 145One of the arguments against laboratory research is that it often fails to accurately predict events outside the lab (cf. Chapanis, 1967). Human participants in ... In some cases, obtrusiveness declines over time. Therefore, researchers who study ... Found insideHarrington (2002) argued that such obtrusiveness helped to reveal further ... how obtrusiveness and disruption are entangled in ethnographic research. Found inside – Page 22One major problem arises when using the obtrusive / unobtrusive dichotomy . For all of the studies within this area , issue obtrusiveness was not directly measured . A issue , or group of issues , was presumed to be obtrusive or unobtrusive . Found inside – Page 183In EAR studies from our laboratory, participants are encouraged to wear the ... EAR obtrusiveness and compliance in two samples: short-term (2 days; ... Found inside – Page 31Research: Obtrusiveness. and. Generalizability. In the remainder of this chapter we focus primarily on knowledge-seeking research. Found inside – Page 4-5The issue of obtrusiveness of instrumentation is of signal importance to the research proposed earlier and most especially to the recommendations for ... Found inside – Page 201... outcome variable is of greater Importance in particular study , a pretest ... While steps can be taken to reduce the magnitude of the obtrusiveness ... Found inside – Page 54METHOD CLASSIFICATIONS Obtrusive and unobtrusive methods refer to the means used to collect data. If the method being used involves contact with the ... Found inside – Page 411Issue Obtrusiveness For some time , scholars have noted that one reason why agenda - setting effects seem to vary by ... The obtrusiveness hypothesis has been tested in a variety of studies , some measuring both obtrusive and unobtrusive ... Found insideAnother form of research reactivity—one that overlaps with the concepts of measurement bias and experimenter expectancies—is called obtrusive observation. Found inside – Page 372Study participants are most likely to distort their behavior and their responses to questions under certain circumstances . Researcher obtrusiveness is ... Found inside – Page 245Both motion picture and audio - videotaping have been extensively used by ethological researchers with animals and social ... TECHNIQUE Every form of methodology can be evaluated along a continuum of obtrusiveness to unobtrusiveness . Found inside – Page 123In overt research, the ethnographer's presence is almost always obtrusive because it ... But his or her obtrusiveness and the consequential reactivity of ... Found inside – Page 292The danger of obtrusiveness and the value of thick description aside, there are times when announcing one's research intention offers the only real chance ... Found inside – Page 330... the reaction taken by respondents to the person of the interviewer not just to the knowledge that they are subjects of research. Some of these obtrusive ... Found inside – Page 21The piegraph is laid out in a two dimensional framework where the vertical dimension is concerned with particular versus universal behavior systems while the horizontal dimension deals with the obtrusiveness of research operations . Found inside – Page 128Another limitation that has technical and ethical implications is the obtrusiveness of video taping in educational settings. Again, the more com— plex the ... Found insideUltimately, researchers must find the appropriate balance between accuracy and obtrusiveness. Getting tothe Point 11.13 — Recording observationsisa central ... Found insideObtrusive research occurs anytime the persons being studied are aware of being observed. It always carries some risk of provoking reactivity and, thus, ... Found inside... thechanges documented in empirical studies are mainly in complexity and ... A second basic feature discussed in Doughtyand Williams is obtrusiveness. 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